How to write a capstone paper
Extended Essay Topics On Sociology
Thursday, September 3, 2020
Teamwork Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Collaboration Experience - Essay Example It is likewise in association with Tacobell and Tapatio hot Sauce. I surmise we settled on this since it is a most loved among understudies. We later made a timetable on when we will meet and how to deal with our picked subject. We finished up to separate it into its constituent subtopics, for example, the existence cycle and development of Doritos, its opposition, advanced media and Doritos, upgrades that could be made on the Doritos. I thought this was dealt with pleasantly and expertly. During our gatherings to think of the report of our chose subjects, individuals showed up o time. This was acceptable since it implied that time would be adequately overseen and that we would cover increasingly base during our booked time. As individuals began making their commitments, I understood that everyone had done some examination on our themes and sub subjects. This was marvelous. The group head had a simple time since we simply considered the focuses presented, profoundly explored and made draft duplicates of our introduction. Somebody in the group was picked to arrange the drafts into a last duplicate that we would utilize and submit for evaluating. There was a hiccup in our cooperation. This was brought about by the way that everybody needed or rather appeared to be a group head. Somewhat, this is acceptable, yet to some other degree, it is totally off-base. We had picked one group pioneer, however every other person who figured they would improve group pioneers overwhelmed him. One significant impact of this that truly hauled us behind in the cooperation was that it made our gatherings disarranged. The association of gatherings is of fundamental significance (Gueldenzoph, 2008). This is a direct result of the restricted time of the school semester and as a result of the outstanding task at hand, we needed to cover. There being no away from limits on the jobs of each gathering part was a shortcoming with respect to the gathering and I wish we investigated this issue fundamentally while shaping the gathering. We could have apportioned each
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Symbolic Representation Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Emblematic Representation - Term Paper Example Respects to Hesse-Biber (2007). In the American culture, neckbands have been a significant piece of adornments, which can be followed back to the old occasions of developments. Aside from magnificence, simply introducing or wearing gems has a great deal of social, financial, strict and political ramifications in the American culture. In the prior years it was utilized to show presence of association with a specific class of individuals. Adornments has been utilized in numerous social customs that individuals go through. Metal and fabric expressions have essentially extended assortment of adornments that are accessible to individuals. String and twine have encouraged the creation of littler and solid neckbands. Since people found the craftsmanship liquefying and throwing of metals into various shapes, silver, copper, gold and different metals have been utilized to show wonderful accessories for the two ladies and men (Hesse-Biber, 2007),Recent innovations, for example, glassblowing an d gemcutting have allowed exceptionally cleaned and faceted gemstones just as lovely workmanship glass that are typically added to pieces. At present, there are various brands of new metals that are accessible for creation of neckbands that couldn't be utilized in the prior years as they couldn't be appropriately softened, for instance, titanium and treated steel. Electroplating has additionally proved to be useful in guaranteeing that individuals can in any event own gold and laser carving and scaling down have empowered demonstrating of fine and point by point badges with the components of an individual jewelry. In the American culture, ladies have been improving their method of dressing with pendants and dabs. Accessories are a fortune for Native Americans as they contain significant measure of gems. It isn't unexpected to see on the US roads ladies having various kinds of accessories that run from dabs to metal decorations or items made of wood for motivations behind tasteful ex cellence. Neckbands are known to be an integral part of services in the American culture. For instance, contemporary Americans have coordinated valuable metal adornments, for example, accessories into pretty much the entirety of their functions. In the prior years, pendants and dots made of normally accessible materials were generally utilized in ceremonial services because of the regard of Native Americans put upon metals and different valuable metals. In contemporary occasions, functions and festivities are a portion of the events that ladies exhibit their adornments in type of neckbands. This shows Americans go at more prominent lengths that include gigantic entireties of cash to purchase adornments to upgrade their own embellishments and appearance. Coming from the previous occasions, the Native American moves were for the most part joined by relegating trimmings to fans, and to date dots and different valuable metal adornments have framed an integral part of the American servic es (NativeTech: Native American Technology and Art, 2012). Services, for example, relationships have kept on seeing the utilization of ornamentation, for example, pieces of jewelry that are offered as present to the recently marry individuals. Just like the standard, numerous ladies have a compulsion for pretty things, thus have a great deal of craving for unfeasible embellishments and it happens that gems has been their ally to fulfill the need. Since adornments is extravagant, giving out a gem, for example, a jewelry to a woman in the American s
Friday, August 21, 2020
Reflection paper about the annishnaabe people Research - 3
Reflection about the annishnaabe individuals - Research Paper Example Every clan has its own medication wheel. The Ojibway accept that their medication wheel offers them bearing throughout everyday life. Similarly, the wheel of medication is an actual existence cycle that speaks to the regular patterns of life from conveyance, to development, to destruction, and even recovery. The wheel of medication incorporates the Ojibway individuals, yet additionally the countries of the earth. The four cycles are seen in a clockwise way. North is at the top, East to one side, South at the base, and West on the left of the watcher. Despite the fact that the wheel has neither the start nor the end, it is urgent to enter the wheel from the South and continue a clockwise way. At the inside is the Creator and is likewise the Medicine Wheel itself. We start from the East since it is the place life starts and everything begins to wake up from individuals, vegetation, and seasons among others. The medication wheel involves the accompanying (Lawson, McDowell and Thomson 56 -57): West â⬠Sage; it cleans the air, its smoke can likewise be used to scrub one from spirits, help one to watch, feel, and taste things adequately. Furthermore, the tea produced using sage is helpful for the throat. Sage can likewise be utilized to give guidance when one
Monday, June 8, 2020
Symbols of Malcolm Xs Life - Literature Essay Samples
Creating symbolism in literature adds depth and meaning to any story. Alex Haleyââ¬â¢s The Autobiography of Malcolm X displays an abundance of symbols that offer insight into the life of Malcolm X himself. Often, the symbols that Haley uses demonstrate the adjustments that Malcolm X went through during his development: they show his metamorphosis from a person whom the world viewed as unimportant, to the controversial, but influential civil rights leader. Haley first demonstrates how important, yet dangerous, status in a society can be for a minority. The author then explores how the simple hair straightening process called ââ¬Å"conkâ⬠tied Malcolm X to the Caucasian world. Finally, Haley points out the significance of eyeglasses, watches, and suitcases and how they played a pivotal role in Malcolm Xââ¬â¢s life. Symbolism in literature allows the reader an insightful perspective into a characterââ¬â¢s life. The symbolism in Haleyââ¬â¢s autobiography provides a look directly into how specific items in Malcom Xââ¬â¢s life shaped him as a man, and brought him through the transformations that made him into the powerful advocate of black rights that he became. As a child, Malcolm did not have a lot of material possessions and often felt disconnected from his peers. Therefore, when he moved into the city, he did not squander any time and began acquiring all the materialistic items he felt he needed to establish his status. When touching on the reasoning behind his acquisitive mindset, he concludes, ââ¬Å"Like hundreds of thousands of country-bred Negroes who had come to the Northern black ghetto before me, and have come since, Iââ¬â¢d also acquired all the other fashionable ghetto adornments the zoot suits and conk that I have described, liquor, cigarettes, then reefers all to erase my embarrassing backgroundâ⬠(Haley 71). He found that the status that his conspicuous consumption provided, coupled with the power that he felt he had over his own life, was a symbol of having overcome a shameful childhood. His procurement of paraphernalia symbolized a self-worth that he found in the status that the items provided him. Malcolm X then refers to the problems that he saw other people facing as well, revealing that These ghetto teenagers see the hell caught by their parents struggling in the prejudiced, intolerant white manââ¬â¢s world. The ghetto teenagers make up their own minds, they would rather be like the hustlers whom they see dressed ââ¬Å"sharpâ⬠and flashing money and displaying no respect for anybody or anything. So the ghetto youth become attracted to the hustler worlds of dope, thievery, prostitution, and general crime and immorality (Haley 332). For African Americans, having the ability to gain status, no matter how, in a Caucasian-dominate d society provided a sense of respect and self-worth that they craved but had been told they would be unable to attain. Through the Nation of Islam, however, Malcolm X gained a sense of self-worth that did not depend on his worldly appurtenances. Hairstyle also has the capability to convey a great deal about a person. Malcolm Xââ¬â¢s shift in hairstyles revealed a lot in connection with not only how he perceived himself, but also how he viewed the entire African American race. He began wearing his hair in a hairstyle known as ââ¬Å"conkâ⬠, which comes from a hair-straightening gel made from lye. Often, the process involved with ââ¬Å"conkâ⬠leaves chemical burns on the heads of the people who use it. This harsh technique allowed African Americans to achieve hairstyles that resembled those worn by Caucasians. Reflecting back on the implications of wearing a hairstyle that made him appear more ââ¬Å"white,â⬠Malcolm X acknowledges that, This was my first really big step toward self-degradation. When I endured all of that pain, literally burning my flesh to have it look like a white manââ¬â¢s hair. I had joined that multitude of Negro men and women in America who are brainwashed into believing that the bl ack people are ââ¬Å"inferiorâ⬠ââ¬â and white people ââ¬Å"superiorâ⬠(Haley 69). He regarded this then-popular African American hairstyle as implying that the only way black people could achieve beauty is if they resembled white people. Yet Malcolm X also acknowledges the symbolism of his hair after joining the Nation of Islam. Referring to the hairstyle that he and his brothers had rejected, he says, ââ¬Å"They had just banished from their lives forever that phony, lye-conked, metallic-looking hair [â⬠¦]. It grieves me that I donââ¬â¢t care where you go, you see this symbol of ignorance and self-hate on so many Negroesââ¬â¢ headsâ⬠(Haley 278). Wearing a ââ¬Å"conkâ⬠brought him from the sensitivity of feeling unnoticeable to a feeling of belonging. On the other hand, it also forced him to the realization of his own internalized racism. Once he joined the Nation of Islam, which taught him that being black made him better than other people, fo r no other reason than the color of his skin, he found the desire to discard the hair that tied him to the viewpoint that black is only beautiful if it resembles white. Such transformations are apparent in other contexts, as Malcolm X left prison a different man than he entered in. Going into confinement, he appeared to be a man without real ambition, who was only concerned with superficial status. In spite of his prison sentence, he emerged a new man filled with the determination to take control of his life. Leaving prison, Malcolm purchased three things. First, he acquired eyeglasses. Recounting why they were suddenly a necessity he discloses, ââ¬Å"I had come to prison with 20/20 vision. But when I got sent back to Charlestown, I had read so much by the lights-out glow in my room at the Norfolk Prison Colony that I had astigmatism and the first pair of the eyeglasses that I have worn ever sinceâ⬠(Haley 209). While in prison, he found a hunger for reading, and a thirst for knowledge. His eyeglasses epitomize his devotion to learning. Secondly, he procured a watch. Growing up he never needed a watch because he did not have a reason to manage his time. In contrast, when he left prison and joined the Nation of Islam, he established a direction for his life, and found himself beginning to live by his watch. He mentions, ââ¬Å"You wonââ¬â¢t find anybody more time-conscious than I am. I live by my watch, keeping appointments. Even when Iââ¬â¢m using my car, I drive by my watch, not my speedometer. Time is more important to me than distanceâ⬠(Haley 211). Time in his life symbolizes the new-found purpose he had discovered. Lastly, he purchased two suitcases. After joining the Nation of Islam, Malcolm became a man in high demand. He needed to be able to travel at a momentââ¬â¢s notice. He reveals, ââ¬Å"I travel so much now that my wife keeps alternate suitcases packed so that, when necessary, I can just grab oneâ⬠(Haley 211). Packed suitcases symbolize his commitment and willingness to do anything required for the Nation of Islam. Eyeglasses, watches, and suitcases appear to be straightforward accessori es that most people own. Although this may be true, those accessories are the only material goods that Malcolm ever acknowledges at length after his conversion to the Nation of Islam. Those three belongings symbolize the shifts in his life, before, during, and after prison. Throughout each stage of existence that Malcolm X describes, there are multiple symbols that make themselves evident. Haley shows how status played a major role in developing Malcolmââ¬â¢s self-worth, explaining how the ââ¬Å"conkâ⬠hairstyle tied him to the white world and showed him his own internalized racism. The writer also demonstrates how eyeglasses, a watch, and suitcases played a major role in Malcolms final transformation into a tremendous leader. All of these symbols work together through the captivating tale of his life, and illustrate what helped to shape him as a man. All things considered, Haley reveals just how critical symbols are not only in Malcolm Xââ¬â¢s life, but also in everyoneââ¬â¢s lives, ultimately challenging his readers to reflect on their own lives in an attempt to discover personal symbols. The movement leaderââ¬â¢s life possessed challenges and setbacks; nevertheless, he discovered who he wanted to be and rose to the challenge of defi ning both his beliefs and himself as an individual.
Sunday, May 17, 2020
Treaties Against Terrorism And Aircraft Hijacking
treaties against terrorism and aircraft hijacking going as far back as the 70s. It was Universal jurisdiction that allowed Israel to try Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem in 1961. Kissinger in his article stated that ââ¬Å"thought it possible that national judges would use them as a basis for extradition requests regarding alleged crimes committed outside their jurisdictionâ⬠. The Torture convention on 1984 that was ratified by 124 governments required that any torturer found in its territory will be tried where the torture took place even if that means extradition. A country that does not have the means to try someone in violation may extradite the torturer to a country that can. Then there is the Geneva conventions of 1949 on the conduct of war. The Geneva convention was ratified by 189 countries including the United States. All countries involved have agreed to search for persons regardless of nationality to courts for trial who are reasonably accused of crimes. Kissinger worries that the ICC was vague and ran the risk of being used for political agenda. Roth assures him that in fact that the treaty s definition for war crimes follows closely to the Pentagon s very own military manuals as well as the Geneva convention. The fear that judges and courts becoming tyrannical can be offset by the fact that as it stands prosecutors can be removed for misconduct by a majority vote. The ICC treaty even states that a two-thirds vote can remove a judge. Many of the concerns that the ICCShow MoreRelatedHistorical Investigation : 9 / 111686 Words à |à 7 PagesHistorical Investigation - 9/11 By Matt Harper Terrorism has emerged an issue that has major impacts upon society. It threatens our very way of life. Much of the world knew little of terrorism, and how devastating it could be; until 9/11/2001. This day now marks the coordinated terrorist attacks by Al-Qaeda, that occurred in the USA. All attacks involved the hijacking of commercial airliners. 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Security measures now consist of physical protective measures, security procedural measures, and terrorism counteraction measures (sections II and III, chap 3). o Broadens asset categories and adds security measures for assets not previously in the regulation (for example, mission-criticalRead MoreTerrorism in Southeast Asia17760 Words à |à 72 PagesTerrorism in Southeast Asia Bruce Vaughn, Coordinator Specialist in Asian Affairs Emma Chanlett-Avery Specialist in Asian Affairs Ben Dolven Section Research Manager Mark E. Manyin Specialist in Asian Affairs Michael F. Martin Analyst in Asian Trade and Finance Larry A. Niksch Specialist in Asian Affairs October 16, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34194 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Terrorism in Southeast
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The History Of Marketing Marketing - 1783 Words
The History of Marketing Marketing appeared with the first human beings, a good example for that Eveââ¬â¢s trial to convince Adam to eat the forbidden apple (Kotler marketing Group, 2015). Since ancient times, people were meeting together at a specific time in a specific market which was known by everyone to complete the bartering process where they exchange the agriculture and craft products, they were producing. With the advent of cash, the bartering process has stopped and turned into a sale and purchase by the currency power. It is clear that the concept of marketing in this era was limited to a simple process of sale and purchase of the product between the seller and the buyer in specific market, and this has continued until the tradeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦According to Stanton ââ¬Å"1984â⬠marketing ââ¬Å"1984â⬠as a total system of business activities designed to plan, price, promote, and distribute want satisfying goods and services to present and potential customers. Marketing is the development and efficient distribution of goods, services, ideas, issues, and concepts for chosen consumer segments (Kurtz Boone, 1984) Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and organizations obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging value with others. (Kotler Armstrong, 2012) The American marketing association defined it as the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. According to The Chartered Institute of Marketing in United Kingdom ââ¬Å"2015â⬠marketing is ââ¬ËThe management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably P. Tailor of the www.learnmarketing.net see that: Marketing is not about providing products or services it is essentially about providing changing benefits to the changing needs and demands of the customers. To summarize the definitions of marketing,
Frankston First Computerized Spreadsheet -Myassignmenthelp.Com
Question: Discuss About The Frankston First Computerized Spreadsheet? Answer: Introduction: Artificial intelligence is powerful system which provides outputs that can be extremely accurate and replace human efforts. However, they cannot replicate human intelligence. There is need to recognize the opportunities and threats of this different form of intelligence, and develop understanding of the best ways for computers and human to work together. The purpose of this report is to identify the use of artificial intelligence (AI), its opportunities and threats in the accounting profession and to provide an overview of the different AI elements to both accounting and non-accounting professionals AI techniques in the accounting profession have changed accounting work and efficiency in providing services to the clients. These techniques such as machine learning are not new, and the speed of change is fast. Moreover widespread acceptance in business and accounting is still in early stages (accountantsone.com 2018). To make a positive vision of the future, there is a need to develop a deep understanding of how artificial intelligence can solve accounting and business issues, the practical challenges and the skills accountants require to work alongside intelligent systems. Artificial Intelligence (AI): As pointed out by Christensen, Nikolaev and Wittenberg?Moerman (2016), AI is a technology enabling to make decisions in critical tasks, which the human beings use to carry out previously. In other words, AI is psychology that enables computers to do decision-based tasks previously done by humans. It shows up in many forms like machine-based learning that can gradually become better at analysis and decisions the more it is used and speech-based technology that can understand different voices and languages (Articlesbase.com 2018). Advantages: The advantages of artificial intelligence are the machines are programmed in a manner that work for longer hours. The jobs that are monotonous can be conducted with ease through the help of machines. Disadvantages: Artificial intelligence results in unemployment and would enable individual to lose their creative power. The creation of artificial intelligence involves huge amount of cost with complex machines. In case of business organizations employing AI, they are able to seek a competitive advantage, which has helped in enhancing their overall business productivity. When such computer engineering technology is employed in organizations, it would lead to greater analytical and decision-oriented calculations. Several accounting firms are engaged in implementing modern technology such as AI, which has a probability of dramatically changing nature of the profession of accounting. Accountants have embraced waves of automation over several years to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their work but technology will not be able to replace the need for expert knowledge and decision-making (Bizfluent 2018). In fact, earlier generations of intelligent systems have demonstrated the ongoing influence of human expertise and the limits of machines. Since 1950s, Artificial intelligence has been an aspiration of computer scientists, and it has seen great progress in recent years. However system s progressively generate outputs that far exceed the consistency and accuracy of those produced by humans, on a task-by-task basis. AI brings many opportunities for accountants in short to medium term, to increase their efficiency, deliver more value to businesses and provide more insight (Bls.gov 2018). AI raises opportunities in the longer term, for much more drastic change, as systems progressively take over decision-making tasks currently done by humans. The artificial intelligence would fail to create design and lacks creativity because it does not involve human brain. It has been seen that several clients have shown interest in the likely opportunities and threats arising due to AI in a big consulting firm. According to a few clients, there is threat to the current business models of companies (Community.accountantsworld.com 2018). On the other hand, the other clients perceive that AI would help in creating a number of potential opportunities. No one can deny the fact that AI can become a very useful business enhancementtool in professions where significant training isessentialrequirement like In the Accounting Profession where technical precision and right-minded judgments are needed also has large scope for AI applications The application associated with machine learning and AI into the professional context of the accounting firms is an intriguing aspect. Artificial intelligence makes the life of human easier and introduces general intelligence and emotions quotient to the machinery. Cloud solution is used to develop AI that helps in providing unparalleled advantage, as it helps in maintaining the privacy and security of confidential data of various users (Journal of Accountancy 2018). Innovation is propelled with the help of machine learning in accounting profession, which is a principal edge in the AI context. Paul Bulpitt, head of accounting for Xero UK, spoke about the potential of AI in the accounting industry at London Tech Week in Shoreditch. According to him Small businesses always face difficulties with account codes. Every onefiles things differently and the evidence is the 10,000,000 different account codes on Xero.However, machine learning features such as automatic coding provide simple so lutions to these problems. These tasks are eliminating mistakes that humans can so easily make. Role played by technology in changing the work of the accountants in recent decades: Technology evolution has changed the accounting profession in the following ways. Most of the People believe that access to new software has made the accountants job easier. The days are gone where accountants use paper, pens, and calculators to balance the books and verify the ledgersaccuracy. All these sensitive jobs are properly done by technology. Reduction in error Nowadays with specialized accounting software and word processing tools, it is fair to say that technologies have improved accuracyand reduced the margin of inaccuracy. Whereas for data entry, some accountants still use Microsoft Excel and running ledgers, many companies will purchase special software that provides simplified data entry and accurate ledgers results in more accurate financial reports. This is advantageous for businesses because inaccuracy can lead to tax penalties or uninformed decision makers (Logica.ugent.be 2018). Up to a suitable level, reduce margin of error results in financially stable companies thatare better equipped to stay afloat. Technology has changed the accounting procedures Various structural changes are taking place in the operational trenches, particularly regarding the procedures of administration. For example, one of the most significant changes is affecting compliance, because the way in which data is managed and processed becomes fully automated which allows the accounting professionals to obtain fast and reliable data incorporated in each tax report generated. Thus, automated entry of data is the rule after accomplishment of maximum efficacy (Resgroup.com 2018). A need for basic accounting training has declined Moreover, the need for basic accounting training has declined due to the use of special software programs namely the digital technology. Without spending years completing core training, an accountant with access to a computer and the right systems can easily perform statistical analysis, tax preparation services and forecast modeling much more efficiently and effectively. Accountants are no longer number crunchers. In fact, they are professionals having diversified roles such as high end interaction with the users and saving of human resource. Skill Upgradation Nowadays the professional accountant needs a long list of skills before they will land a position with a reputable organization. Being knowledgeable in accounting practices and skilled communicator, accountants also need to be able to apply the processes learned and integrate these processes with IT programs. Although there are a few professionals who are not highly equipped with the latest Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, professionals in the field will need to be able to integrate accounting and IT. As Technologies are always advancing, the American institute of CPAS requires from those who wants to become CPA must keep up with emerging advanced technologies. Technology increases accountants productivity by saving time Keeping all benefits in mind, some accounting organizations have started to implement AI for running their business operations smoothly. Before the introduction of accounting computer programs, accounting entries were manually done, mistakes could mean hours of recalculation, finding mistakes was tedious task. In contrast to periods when cloud technology was not known to the accounting professionals, the industry players are now implementing new technology in their routines and the AI adoption is growing at a faster pace (ThoughtCo 2018). More than 80% of executives believe AI leads to a competitive advantage, and 79% believe it will increase their company's productivity (recent MIT Boston consulting group survey). Categorization of accounting data becomes easy In an identical fashion, AI has strong influence on the categorization of data. The machines and computers now have the ability to ascertain and categories all information into various accounts, which implies that artificial intelligence has made accounting easier for accountants. For example, if an organization has a monthly subscription phone bill and purchased phone bill from the identical phone carrier, the software programs would understand automatically that their nature is different. As a result, they would be placed under different chart of accounts (ThoughtCo 2018). Machine learning could be observed as well, since software programs could learn from different human input to undertake greater judgments. In the current era, the administration jobs are reduced and some operational tasks that the accountants use to perform traditionally are now performed on the part of AI like accounts receivable and accounts payable (ThoughtCo 2018). Opportunities from the use of Artificial Intelligence: Artificial intelligence is applicable to issues pertaining to audit and assurance The technology related to AI is applicable to issues pertaining to audit and assurance in the accounting profession. Thus, it is crucial in identifying the accounting information in an effective way favoring the needs of the clients as well as the accountant work (Resgroup.com 2018). For example since 2015, KPMG has been using McLaren Applied Technologies (MAT) in its audit processes, which allows for the automation of evidence collection and the creation of complex data reports, improving client services and saving time. Similarly, various audit firms are currently deploying software programs in their audit process. These predictive analytics makes the audit procedure easy, As a result, the client services are improved along with efficiency in data collection and evaluation. This is because the monotonous jobs can be easily carried out with the help of machines. Accountants are giving advice, performing future forecasts and introducing new processes that a computer cannot be trusted to do Artificial intelligence helps accountant in effective interpretation of financial information The digital process helps in organizing data and the documentation of the clients effectively, which forms the basis for effective interpretation of the financial information that the clients have provided. The artificial intelligence is regarded as the progressive tool that is developed in financial planning and management accountants have considerable opportunities to use data analytics, which help the business organizations manage decisions. The finance and accounting sector is considered as the premier candidate for the automation procedure, which AI offers due to higher reliance on numbers and data (Resgroup.com 2018). Many businesses are using robotic process automation systems. For example,Kensho, the worlds first robotic computational knowledge engine for financial industry, is an intelligent computer system commonly used by investors and stock traders to predict marketing changes and automatically analyses portfolio performance. The accountants use it with degree of precision to reduce their errors. Repetitive tasks shift to machine Rather than fear changes that Artificial intelligence will have on accounting jobs, its an opportunity for accountants to be excited. The profession is going to become more attractive as repetitive tasks are done by machines. This is important in seeking competitive positioning and obtaining efficiency in providing client services. Nowadays accountants are expected to advise best-practices to management and advise best ways to reduce costs while maximizing profit. The task-oriented accountant is outdated. The accountants are now considered as a business consultant rather than a mathematical tool. Opportunities to use data analytics in making strategic decisions Artificial intelligence could have wide range of effects on the accounting profession like tax return. Tax return preparation duties and audit activities that are performed now by accountants may be fully handled by machines in the coming future. Robo advisers have established a foothold in financial planning domain, while management accountants have unbelievable opportunities to use data analytics to assist their organizations in making strategic decisions. Accountants, who want success in business field, need to think about ways they can deploy technology (said Calum Chace). Opportunity to create a whole new market According to report fromDeloittestates, in the very near future, AI could help to develop a whole new paradigm of products and services, creating a whole new market with large investor profits(Bizfluent 2018). The recent technological progress has a direct effect on managing financial process and book-keeping, in which the tasks require precision. Hence, technology and software programs would be indispensable in the accounting profession in future, as the performance of accounting tasks would rely on advancement of technology. The integration of AI in the accounting profession offers various advantages to the accounting profession like risk minimization, time saving and taking business management to a new stature (Articlesbase.com 2018). According to Derek Bang, chief strategy and innovation officer in USA, Investments by big firms in AI saves time the accountants spend on asset estimation and complex audits. Now every firm should think about how to adopt artificial intelligence, it can be by contracting with specialized technology firms or building their own departments. Paul Bulpitt, head of accounting for Xero UK, spoke about the opportunities from use of AI in the accounting industry, he said that it can help businesses to save time, reduce mistakes and move business management into a new realm. Threats from the use of AI: i) Threat of economic singularity Accountants will be among thefirst professions affected by the use of artificial intelligence.Up to 95 percent of accountants will face some threats related to the new automation capabilities.(Oxford University and Deloitte in 2015).According to Chace, the author of the book Surviving AIandThe Economic Singularity, accountants should consider the long term effects of AI. Inside the span of 20 to 30 years, AI will reach the point whereas lot of people no longer will have jobs because machines will be able to do the job better than humans. This is the point of economic singularity. Having them lose their jobs all at once could have overwhelming effects. To deal with possible huge job losses suitable plan with thorough research is required, both public and private organizations need to support the efforts of error reduction, with the input of communities across the world. In addition, according toeconomist (Keynes in 1930), the Use of AI inthe accountingprofessionhas a 94%chance to caus elosses, in the next couple of decades. Keynes called it a new disease: technological unemployment. This is because people under this circumstances would lose their creativity and would become lazy. ii) Threat of technological singularity Moreover, According to Chace, second threat for humans will come in coming future within 50 to 70 years, when humans will develop an artificial general intelligence, the creation of machines that have all the cognitive abilities of a super intelligent human rather than just having knowledge of one thing, like driving a car. This is called technological singularity. This makes humans the second most intelligent beings on the planet. It will be uncomfortable and important challenge for human. iii) Threat associated with additional cost Most of the organizations consider AI as cause of additional expenses; the major threat is associated with costs to be spent in repairing and maintaining and upgrade technology. Companies such as Apple and Uber could consider artificial intelligence as threat or rising cost. iv) Threat in relation to ethical and moral values There is another threat of AI in relation to ethical and moral values. The incorporation of machines into the working system of the organizations might lack efficiency and they are not as accurate such as the gift of nature (Articlesbase.com 2018). Conclusion: From the above discussion, it could be stated that numerous benefits are inherent in the profession of accounting, if AI is incorporated in the business process. AI leads to a competitive advantage which increases company's productivity. It makes accounting job easier, and reduces the margin of error as machines are programmed with longer hour of constant work. Accountants are expected to advise best-practices and now considered as a business consultant rather than a mathematical tool. As discussed earlier technological and economic singularities are big challenges for human but can be solved by the help of research institutes which are already dedicated to dealing with this challenge. We can conclude that AI will bring about another revolution in the industry, which doesnt put accountants out ofjob, butin reality artificial intelligence is regarded as recommendations since it helps them and their services get more business value and efficiency. References accountantsone.com/jobseekers/CloudComputing, a. (2018). [online] Available at: https://accountantsone.com/jobseekers/CloudComputing.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Articlesbase.com. (2018).Adult education - ArticleWorld. [online] business: https://www.articlesbase.com/education-articles/how-accounting-has-changed-with-computers-1740141.html [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Bizfluent. (2018).How Have Computerized Accounting Systems Such As QuickBooks Changed the Way Accounting Is Done?. [online] Available at: https://www.ehow.com/about_5431873_computerized-changed-way-accounting-done.html [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Bls.gov. (2018).Accountants and Auditors : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. [online] Available at: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Business-and-Financial/Accountants-and-auditors.htm#tab-2 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Community.accountantsworld.com, C. (2018).Website Login - AccountantsWorld Blog For Accountants and CPA's. [online] Community.accountantsworld.com. Available at: https://community.accountantsworld.com/home/2011/7/8/did-quickbooks-break-client-accounting-the-poll-results-are.html [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Journal of Accountancy. (2018).A Quick Guide to QuickBooks. [online] Available at: https://www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2011/Dec/20114555.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Logica.ugent.be. (2018).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://logica.ugent.be/albrecht/thesis/FOTFS2008-Heeffer.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Resgroup.com. (2018). Accounting Software: Intacct Dynamics GP | The Resource Group. [online] Available at: https://www.resgroup.com/how-computerized-accounting-systems-have-changed-world-numbers [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. ThoughtCo. (2018).Bricklin, Frankston and the First Computerized Spreadsheet. [online] Available at: https://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa010199.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. ThoughtCo. (2018).History of Accounting from Ancient Times to Today. [online] Available at: https://inventors.about.com/od/astartinventions/a/History-Of-Accounting.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]
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